Background: The article traces the evolution of migratory movements between Russia and Central Asia over the course of 30 years (from the collapse of the USSR to the present). Methods: In the course of the research, the authors simultaneously use the methods of historical science (the chronological approach, the principle of historicism, the historicalgenetic and historical-comparative methods), political science (the comparative-political, systemic and structural, culturological approaches), and a statistical method. Results: The research creates a set of statistical data reflecting the number of people who came to Russia from Central Asia and left Russia in the opposite direction during the period 1991-2020. It estimates the total number, annual number, and number of immigrants and emigrants by country. Conclusion: The paper shows the main stages in the development of migratory movements between Russia and Central Asia, defines their geographical directions, and names the ethnic and social affiliation of migrants. Finally, it identifies the main reasons that provoke the migratory movements.