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The effect of the mid-latitude trough on the direction of arrival and time-of-flight of HF radio signals. / Stocker, A. J.; Warrington, E. M.; Zaalov, N. Y.

In: Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Hungarica, Vol. 37, No. 2-3, 20.09.2002, p. 351-363.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Harvard

Stocker, AJ, Warrington, EM & Zaalov, NY 2002, 'The effect of the mid-latitude trough on the direction of arrival and time-of-flight of HF radio signals', Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Hungarica, vol. 37, no. 2-3, pp. 351-363. https://doi.org/10.1556/AGeod.37.2002.2-3.25

APA

Stocker, A. J., Warrington, E. M., & Zaalov, N. Y. (2002). The effect of the mid-latitude trough on the direction of arrival and time-of-flight of HF radio signals. Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Hungarica, 37(2-3), 351-363. https://doi.org/10.1556/AGeod.37.2002.2-3.25

Vancouver

Stocker AJ, Warrington EM, Zaalov NY. The effect of the mid-latitude trough on the direction of arrival and time-of-flight of HF radio signals. Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Hungarica. 2002 Sep 20;37(2-3):351-363. https://doi.org/10.1556/AGeod.37.2002.2-3.25

Author

Stocker, A. J. ; Warrington, E. M. ; Zaalov, N. Y. / The effect of the mid-latitude trough on the direction of arrival and time-of-flight of HF radio signals. In: Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Hungarica. 2002 ; Vol. 37, No. 2-3. pp. 351-363.

BibTeX

@article{8d4860580d6144ceb03361658f6ea062,
title = "The effect of the mid-latitude trough on the direction of arrival and time-of-flight of HF radio signals",
abstract = "Ray tracing has been used for the investigation of the off great circle propagation of radio signals in a 4490 km West-East path in presence of the mid-latitude trough. Two propagation mechanisms were studied, non-specular scatter from the sea and reflection from the walls of the trough. The results assuming sea scatter are generally in good agreement with observations at a number of frequencies, while ray tracing simulations of reflection from the equatorward wall of the trough do not reproduce the large bearing deviations observed. For additional information about the trough in northern Europe, an experiment between Uppsala, Sweden and Leister U.K. has been established, in which measurement of the elevation angle and time-of-flight characteristics are included to improve and develop ionospheric trough models for this region.",
keywords = "Direction of arrival, Great circle path, HF propagation, Mid-latitude trough, Time-of-flight",
author = "Stocker, {A. J.} and Warrington, {E. M.} and Zaalov, {N. Y.}",
year = "2002",
month = sep,
day = "20",
doi = "10.1556/AGeod.37.2002.2-3.25",
language = "English",
volume = "37",
pages = "351--363",
journal = "Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica",
issn = "2213-5812",
publisher = "Springer Nature",
number = "2-3",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - The effect of the mid-latitude trough on the direction of arrival and time-of-flight of HF radio signals

AU - Stocker, A. J.

AU - Warrington, E. M.

AU - Zaalov, N. Y.

PY - 2002/9/20

Y1 - 2002/9/20

N2 - Ray tracing has been used for the investigation of the off great circle propagation of radio signals in a 4490 km West-East path in presence of the mid-latitude trough. Two propagation mechanisms were studied, non-specular scatter from the sea and reflection from the walls of the trough. The results assuming sea scatter are generally in good agreement with observations at a number of frequencies, while ray tracing simulations of reflection from the equatorward wall of the trough do not reproduce the large bearing deviations observed. For additional information about the trough in northern Europe, an experiment between Uppsala, Sweden and Leister U.K. has been established, in which measurement of the elevation angle and time-of-flight characteristics are included to improve and develop ionospheric trough models for this region.

AB - Ray tracing has been used for the investigation of the off great circle propagation of radio signals in a 4490 km West-East path in presence of the mid-latitude trough. Two propagation mechanisms were studied, non-specular scatter from the sea and reflection from the walls of the trough. The results assuming sea scatter are generally in good agreement with observations at a number of frequencies, while ray tracing simulations of reflection from the equatorward wall of the trough do not reproduce the large bearing deviations observed. For additional information about the trough in northern Europe, an experiment between Uppsala, Sweden and Leister U.K. has been established, in which measurement of the elevation angle and time-of-flight characteristics are included to improve and develop ionospheric trough models for this region.

KW - Direction of arrival

KW - Great circle path

KW - HF propagation

KW - Mid-latitude trough

KW - Time-of-flight

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0036039567&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1556/AGeod.37.2002.2-3.25

DO - 10.1556/AGeod.37.2002.2-3.25

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0036039567

VL - 37

SP - 351

EP - 363

JO - Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica

JF - Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica

SN - 2213-5812

IS - 2-3

ER -

ID: 36552764