It is demonstrated that a finely divided aerosol that may form in a low-temperature plasma as a result of condensation of soil impurities has a considerable effect on the level of electron number density of the plasma. The process of condensation and formation of finely divided aerosol in plasma is treated on the basis of the method of moments in a unified algorithm of calculation of the plasma characteristics. The results of the calculation of the ionization characteristics of plasma in the presence of particles of condensed disperse phase are discussed, and the range of variation of the characteristics of condensation aerosol under conditions of existence in the plasma medium of introduced particles of radius r = 1 to 1000 mcm is determined.