The Spanish Civil War caused a serious sociopolitical response in Cuban society, in which a massive campaign of solidarity unfolded. Cuban volunteers accounted for a large proportion of the total number of participants in the International Brigades. At the same time, ideologically, they did not represent a homogeneous mass, there were quite a few representatives of different parties in their ranks, and later a number of former inter-brigade members found themselves on opposite sides of the barricades already in their homeland. After the civil war, the fates of ex-volunteers from Cuba more than once intersected with the Spanish participants in the civil war. And the civil war in Spain itself led to a serious interweaving of the political fate of the Cuban and Spanish revolutions.