Relevance. Diseases caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) are extremely common and affect 60–95% of the adult population. Recent studies indicate a close relationship between infections caused by HSV-1 and HSV-2. This is evidenced by the growing number of new cases of genital herpes, which is caused by HSV-1 or a combination of HSV-1 and HSV-2. Objective. To identify common errors in diagnosis and treatment in rendering care to patients with anogenital herpetic infection (genital herpes, GH) and herpetic vesicular dermatitis (herpes simplex, HS). Material and methods. A thematic examination of the quality of health care (QHC) was conducted for 190 GH patients and 75 HS patients who were treated in St. Petersburg dermatovenerologic dispensaries in 2013. The QHC was studied using an Automated QHC expertise technology. Results. The proportion of good quality health care was 23% for GH (from 0 to 81% in various dermatovenerologic dispensaries), and 43% for HS (from 0 to 59%). The predominant errors included mistakes in data collection and associated misdiagnosis. Treatment errors included, first and foremost, the wrong choice of systemic antiviral therapy regimen. In addition, patients were prescribed unnecessary immunotropic drugs, while patients with frequent relapses were not prescribed suppressive antiviral therapy. Conclusion. Typical errors of specialized medical care for patients with GH and HS included failures in data collection and related errors in diagnosis, as well as errors in treatment, including using the inadequate regimen of systemic antiviral therapy.