Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review
Substorm Current Wedge Revisited. / Kepko, L.; McPherron, R. L.; Amm, O.; Apatenkov, S.; Baumjohann, W.; Birn, J.; Lester, M.; Nakamura, R.; Pulkkinen, T. I.; Sergeev, V.
In: Space Science Reviews, Vol. 190, No. 1-4, 2015, p. 1-46.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Substorm Current Wedge Revisited
AU - Kepko, L.
AU - McPherron, R. L.
AU - Amm, O.
AU - Apatenkov, S.
AU - Baumjohann, W.
AU - Birn, J.
AU - Lester, M.
AU - Nakamura, R.
AU - Pulkkinen, T. I.
AU - Sergeev, V.
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Almost 40 years ago the concept of the substorm current wedge was developed to explain the magnetic signatures observed on the ground and in geosynchronous orbit during substorm expansion. In the ensuing decades new observations, including radar and low-altitude spacecraft, MHD simulations, and theoretical considerations have tremendously advanced our understanding of this system. The AMPTE/IRM, THEMIS and Cluster missions have added considerable observational knowledge, especially on the important role of fast flows in producing the stresses that generate the substorm current wedge. Recent detailed, multi-spacecraft, multi-instrument observations both in the magnetosphere and in the ionosphere have brought a wealth of new information about the details of the temporal evolution and structure of the current system. While the large-scale picture remains valid, the new details call for revision and an update of the original view. In this paper we briefly review the historical development of the substorm current
AB - Almost 40 years ago the concept of the substorm current wedge was developed to explain the magnetic signatures observed on the ground and in geosynchronous orbit during substorm expansion. In the ensuing decades new observations, including radar and low-altitude spacecraft, MHD simulations, and theoretical considerations have tremendously advanced our understanding of this system. The AMPTE/IRM, THEMIS and Cluster missions have added considerable observational knowledge, especially on the important role of fast flows in producing the stresses that generate the substorm current wedge. Recent detailed, multi-spacecraft, multi-instrument observations both in the magnetosphere and in the ionosphere have brought a wealth of new information about the details of the temporal evolution and structure of the current system. While the large-scale picture remains valid, the new details call for revision and an update of the original view. In this paper we briefly review the historical development of the substorm current
U2 - 10.1007/s11214-014-0124-9
DO - 10.1007/s11214-014-0124-9
M3 - Review article
VL - 190
SP - 1
EP - 46
JO - Space Science Reviews
JF - Space Science Reviews
SN - 0038-6308
IS - 1-4
ER -
ID: 4038154