This paper summarizes literature data and new information on the geographi- cal distribution and ecology of Stictis and closely related genera in Russia. Stictis sphaeroboloides is reported as new to Eurasia; Carestiella socia and Stictis populorum are new to Asia, S. carnea is new to Russia, and S. radiata is new to the Russian Far East. New data on distribution and ecology of Carestiella socia and five Stictis species are provided along with a comprehensive key for all species of Stictis s.l. sensu Wedin et al. (2006) known in Russia and nearby areas. Our research clearly shows importance of the collaboration between mycologists and lichenologists to study trophically complex taxa and to obtain the most complete knowledge about fungal diversity.