Two great empires, the Russian and the Ottoman Empire, having experienced the horror of the First World War, also experienced, almost simultaneously, the revolution. In both countries the revolution began as the process of deliverance directed against the occupation of the country by hostile invader troops. Later, after World War II relations between two countries did not get along, while during the Liberation War Soviet Russia supported young Republic of Turkey. That fact did not prevent Russian intelligentsia from taking an interest in the phenomenon of Atatürk, whose activity was initially compared with Vladimir Lenin’s, and later, with the reforms of the first Russian Emperor, Peter the Great, who had turned Russia’s steps toward Europeanization and Westernization. In Soviet and post-Soviet Russia quite a number of works appeared, which were devoted to the life and achievements of Atatürk; some of them took the shape of monograph, while the others maintained the form of thesis. This paper presents the rev