The modification of the model of P. Bak and K. Sneppen of the self-organized biological evolution is proposed on the basis of a formalization of the scheme of the biosphere evolution suggested by O. V. Kovalev. This scheme is regarded as one approximating the realistic model of the ecosystem evolution. The fundamental difference between "coenophobous" species ("individualists") and "coenophilous" ones ("collectivists") with respect to their reaction on the external environment is represented. The dynamics of the modified model possesses the most important features of self-organized criticality: the avalanche-like processes and the punctuated equilibrium.