A sub-Arctic “hot spot” of intense synoptic-scale
variability is observed in the Lofoten Basin (LB) of the
Norwegian Sea. Using ERS-1/2 and Envisat satellite
altimetry measurements, we discover a cyclonic propagation
of the synoptic-scale sea surface height anomalies around the center of the LB. Surface drifter trajectories do not reveal an associated coherent near-surface cyclonic flow suggesting that the propagating signals have a wavelike nature. We identify a dipole and a quadrupole wave modes rotating around the center of the LB, obtain analytic dispersion relations for these modes, and demonstrate that the observed propagation is a manifestation of topographic Rossby waves.
Most of the observed waves have a wavelength of about
500 km and phase speeds ranging from 2 to 10 km/day. We
show that these waves are largely responsible for the
localization and amplification of sea surface height
variability in the center of the LB.