INTRODUCTION: To assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in hemodialysis patients in the European region of the Russian Federation METHODS: 634 hemodialysis patients were examined in 9 hemodialysis centers in 5 regions of the European part of the Russian Federation. Among the patients, there were 342 women and 292 men, the average age was 57.1 ± 11.5 years The duration of hemodialysis therapy was 8.1 ± 4.8 years. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was established in accordance with the criteria European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Body composition measured by bioimpedancemetry analysis (BIA) was performed during the midweek hemodialysis session in the recommended standardized conditions using InBody 770 (InBody, South Korea): this is a multifrequency bioimpedancemetry device that allows measurement during the hemodialysis session. The muscle mass index (MMI) was calculated as muscle mass in kilograms divided by squared height in meters. The cutoff MMI values for normality were taken as proposed by for men, were MMI was considered as low if <8.87 kg/m² and for women, if <6.42 kg/m². Muscle strength measured with a quantitative handgrip dynamometer (Kern, Germany) was performed in dominant arms and the value used was the mean of three consecutive measurements. The cutoff values used to define a low muscle strength were <30 kg in men and <20 kg in women. RESULTS: A large majority of 48.3 % (n = 306) of patients had a low muscle strength; a low muscle mass index was present in 29.9 % (n = 190) of the population. Finally, 29.3 % (n = 186) of patients had sarcopenia. The relationship between sarcopenia and age, as well as gender, was not identified. To our surprise, the association between sarcopenia and protein-energy wasting (International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism criteria) turned out to be low: Rs = 0,496, p = 0,0001. The lowest prevalence of sarcopenia is in patients with hemodialysis therapy experience less than 3 years (12,7 %), and gradually increasing by 3.1 times in patients with survival on HD for more than 7 years (39,4 %) (χ2 = 21,127 p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of sarcopenia in hemodialysis patients in the European region of the Russian Federation is 29,3 %.