Epicureans treated the sign as a phenomenon in the perception upon which we can conclude about other similar phenomena. The atomic expirations, according to Epicurus, are the sources of perception, existing "in the likeness of figures, or in the likeness of form". Epicureans recognized several types of signs, two of which are described in the preserved part of Philodemus treatise "On the Signs". At first, the common signs that exist regardless of whether or not there is a signifier, and there is a similarity between the signified thing and the sign, secondly, special signs exist only if signified thing exists. In this case, the relationship between the signifier and the thing is formed on the basis of sequence or causation. In the essay "On Signs" Philodemus expounded the beginning of inductive logic, analyzed the induction procedure, based on the analogy, and laid the foundations of modern semiotics. The first publication of the fragments of Philodemus text (T. Gomperz, 1865) aroused great interest of Charles Peirce. In 1920 - 1930es Russian positivist I.A. Borichevsky not only translated the works of Epicureans and popularized the teachings of Epicurus, but tried to live himself in imitation of his favorite philosopher.