Abstract: Using the method for distinguishing the principal components associated with the correlation coefficients of the Pearson matrix, a possible relationship has been found between the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus and various urbanization factors in the Russian Federation. A hypothetical physical model of the impact of urbanization factors on the incidence of the disease has been created. The problem of identifying the hidden causes of the incidence of type 1 diabetes in various regions of the Russian Federation and the contribution of urbanization factors to the incidence of the disease is solved. The analysis is made using various statistical data on urbanization factors such as the road complex, emissions into surface wastewater and atmospheric air.