There are no publications in our home scientific literature concerning nozological structure of the diseases of the lumbar part of the spine among elderly and senile people. Having used their own research experience of treatment 2102 patients with low-back pain, the authors revealed the percentage of various diseases and specified the peculiarities of their clinical tendency. All that will enable practice doctors to diagnose the diseases in proper time and to determine proper way of inquiry and treatment of elderly patients with low-back pain.