In the first part of the work, we described our concept of shock wave processes, which is based on nonlocal nonequilibrium transport theory, and an associated mathematical elastoplastic wave model that allows for inertial properties, structural changes, and variation in mechanical properties of solid-state materials under shock loading. In the second part of the work, it is demonstrated that the energy exchange between the scales of dynamic deformation is defined by the relation between the characteristics measurable in real time: the mesoscale mass velocity variation and the mass velocity defect due to loss of the energy expended in structure formation. An internal criterion is found for the transition of a dynamically deformed material to structural instability.