TY - JOUR

T1 - Micro-Bio-Chemo-Mechanical-Systems

T2 - Micromotors, Microfluidics, and Nanozymes for Biomedical Applications

AU - Mujtaba, Jawayria

AU - Liu, Jinrun

AU - Dey, Krishna K.

AU - Li, Tianlong

AU - Chakraborty, Rik

AU - Xu, Kailiang

AU - Makarov, Denys

AU - Barmin, Roman A.

AU - Gorin, Dmitry A.

AU - Tolstoy, Valeri P.

AU - Huang, Gaoshan

AU - Solovev, Alexander A.

AU - Mei, Yongfeng

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2021/6/3

Y1 - 2021/6/3

N2 - Wireless nano-/micromotors powered by chemical reactions and/or external fields generate motive forces, perform tasks, and significantly extend short-range dynamic responses of passive biomedical microcarriers. However, before micromotors can be translated into clinical use, several major problems, including the biocompatibility of materials, the toxicity of chemical fuels, and deep tissue imaging methods, must be solved. Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (e.g., catalase, oxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase), that is, nanozymes, can significantly expand the scope of micromotors’ chemical fuels. A convergence of nanozymes, micromotors, and microfluidics can lead to a paradigm shift in the fabrication of multifunctional micromotors in reasonable quantities, encapsulation of desired subsystems, and engineering of FDA-approved core–shell structures with tuneable biological, physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Microfluidic methods are used to prepare stable bubbles/microbubbles and capsules integrating ultrasound, optoacoustic, fluorescent, and magnetic resonance imaging modalities. The aim here is to discuss an interdisciplinary approach of three independent emerging topics: micromotors, nanozymes, and microfluidics to creatively: 1) embrace new ideas, 2) think across boundaries, and 3) solve problems whose solutions are beyond the scope of a single discipline toward the development of micro-bio-chemo-mechanical-systems for diverse bioapplications.

AB - Wireless nano-/micromotors powered by chemical reactions and/or external fields generate motive forces, perform tasks, and significantly extend short-range dynamic responses of passive biomedical microcarriers. However, before micromotors can be translated into clinical use, several major problems, including the biocompatibility of materials, the toxicity of chemical fuels, and deep tissue imaging methods, must be solved. Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (e.g., catalase, oxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase), that is, nanozymes, can significantly expand the scope of micromotors’ chemical fuels. A convergence of nanozymes, micromotors, and microfluidics can lead to a paradigm shift in the fabrication of multifunctional micromotors in reasonable quantities, encapsulation of desired subsystems, and engineering of FDA-approved core–shell structures with tuneable biological, physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Microfluidic methods are used to prepare stable bubbles/microbubbles and capsules integrating ultrasound, optoacoustic, fluorescent, and magnetic resonance imaging modalities. The aim here is to discuss an interdisciplinary approach of three independent emerging topics: micromotors, nanozymes, and microfluidics to creatively: 1) embrace new ideas, 2) think across boundaries, and 3) solve problems whose solutions are beyond the scope of a single discipline toward the development of micro-bio-chemo-mechanical-systems for diverse bioapplications.

KW - microfluidics

KW - micromotors

KW - nanozymes

KW - optoacoustics

KW - ultrasound

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104737110&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/9f40fb4d-1616-319b-8b4c-a45498e87d13/

U2 - 10.1002/adma.202007465

DO - 10.1002/adma.202007465

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:85104737110

VL - 33

SP - 1

EP - 40

JO - Advanced Materials

JF - Advanced Materials

SN - 0935-9648

IS - 22

M1 - 2007465

ER -