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Three types of N(H)-nucleophiles, viz. hydrazine, acetyl hydrazide, and a set of hydrazones, were used to study the nucleophilic addition to the CN group of the 2-propanenitrilium closo-decaborate cluster (Ph3PCH2Ph)[B10H9NCEt], giving N-closo-decaborato amidrazones. A systematic mechanistic study of the nucleophilic addition is provided and included detailed synthetic, crystallographic, computational and kinetic work. As a result, two possible mechanisms have been proposed, which consist of firstly a consecutive incorporation of two Nu(H) nucleophiles, with the second responsible for a subsequent rapid proton exchange. The second possible mechanism assumes a pre-formation of a dinuclear [Nu(H)]2 species which subsequently proceeds with the nucleophilic attack on the boron cluster. The activation parameters for hydrazones indicate a small dependence on bond formation [ΔH‡ = 6.8-15 kJ mol-1], but significantly negative entropies of activation [ΔS‡ ranges from -139 to -164 J K-1 mol-1] with the latter contributing some 70-80% of the total Gibbs free energy of activation, ΔG‡. In the X-ray structure of (Z)-(Ph3PCH2Ph)[B10H9N(H)C(Et)NHNCPh2], very rare intramolecular non-covalent B-H⋯π(Ph) interactions were detected and studied by DFT calculations (M06-2x/6-311++G∗∗ level of theory) and topological analysis of the electron density distribution within the framework of Bader's theory (QTAIM method). The estimated strength of these non-covalent interactions is 0.8-1.4 kcal mol-1.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 8693-8703 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | New Journal of Chemistry |
Volume | 42 |
Issue number | 11 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 7 Jun 2018 |
ID: 18472774