Letter of Julian the Apostate to the community of Jews is usually treated as inauthentic. We propose a new translation of the text and the analysis it in the following aspects. 1. Coordination of the letter and religious policy of Julian, including policy toward the Jewish community. 2. Correspondences of the letter to the information available about the project of Julian the Apostate to rebuild the Temple of Jerusalem and Jerusalem as a Jewish city. 3. Stylistic features of the letter and forms of address to the leadership of the Jewish community. 4. Forms of public communication between the subjects of authorities in the epoch of Julian. As a result, we can assume that this letter is not a forgery but the evidence of the important turn of internal policy of Julian. This turn, however, was as bold and decisive as concise. The death of Julian during the retreat from Persia led to its end.