Investigating the multiwavelength behaviour of the flat spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 during 2013-2017

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Investigating the multiwavelength behaviour of the flat spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 during 2013-2017. / WEBT Collaboration; OVRO Team.

In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 490, No. 4, 01.12.2019, p. 5300-5316.

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Author

WEBT Collaboration ; OVRO Team. / Investigating the multiwavelength behaviour of the flat spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 during 2013-2017. In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2019 ; Vol. 490, No. 4. pp. 5300-5316.

BibTeX

@article{812bc2bda6f24f278121edf41eb49102,

title = "Investigating the multiwavelength behaviour of the flat spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 during 2013-2017",

abstract = "We present a multiwavelength study of the flat-spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 during 2013-2017. We use radio-to-optical data obtained by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope, 15 GHz data from the Owens Valley Radio Observatory, 91 and 103 GHz data from the Atacama Large Millimeter Array, near-infrared data from the Rapid Eye Monitor telescope, as well as data from the Swift (optical-UV and X-rays) and Fermi (γ -rays) satellites to study flux and spectral variability and the correlation between flux changes at different wavelengths. Unprecedented γ -ray flaring activity was observed during 2016 November-2017 February, with four major outbursts. A peak flux of (2158 ± 63) × 10−8 ph cm−2 s−1, corresponding to a luminosity of (2.2 ± 0.1) × 1050 erg s−1, was reached on 2016 December 28. These four γ -ray outbursts have corresponding events in the near-infrared, optical, and UV bands, with the peaks observed at the same time. A general agreement between X-ray and γ -ray activity is found. The γ -ray flux variations show a general, strong correlation with the optical ones with no time lag between the two bands and a comparable variability amplitude. This γ -ray/optical relationship is in agreement with the geometrical model that has successfully explained the low-energy flux and spectral behaviour, suggesting that the long-term flux variations are mainly due to changes in the Doppler factor produced by variations of the viewing angle of the emitting regions. The difference in behaviour between radio and higher energy emission would be ascribed to different viewing angles of the jet regions producing their emission.",

keywords = "Galaxies: individual: CTA 102, Galaxies: jets, Galaxies: nuclei, Gamma-rays: general, Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal",

author = "{WEBT Collaboration} and {OVRO Team} and F. D'Ammando and Raiteri, {C. M.} and M. Villata and Acosta-Pulido, {J. A.} and I. Agudo and Arkharov, {A. A.} and R. Bachev and Baida, {G. V.} and E. Ben{\'i}tez and Borman, {G. A.} and W. Boschin and V. Bozhilov and Butuzova, {M. S.} and P. Calcidese and Carnerero, {M. I.} and D. Carosati and C. Casadio and N. Castro-Segura and Chen, {W. P.} and G. Damljanovic and {Di Paola}, A. and J. Echevarr{\'i}a and Efimova, {N. V.} and Ehgamberdiev, {Sh A.} and C. Espinosa and A. Fuentes and A. Giunta and G{\'o}mez, {J. L.} and Grishina, {T. S.} and Gurwell, {M. A.} and D. Hiriart and H. Jermak and B. Jordan and Jorstad, {S. G.} and M. Joshi and Kimeridze, {G. N.} and Kopatskaya, {E. N.} and K. Kuratov and Kurtanidze, {O. M.} and Kurtanidze, {S. O.} and A. L{\"a}hteenm{\"a}ki and Larionov, {V. M.} and Larionova, {E. G.} and Larionova, {L. V.} and Morozova, {D. A.} and Nikiforova, {A. A.} and Savchenko, {S. S.} and Troitskaya, {Yu V.} and Troitsky, {I. S.} and Vasilyev, {A. A.}",

year = "2019",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stz2792",

language = "English",

volume = "490",

pages = "5300--5316",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

number = "4",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Investigating the multiwavelength behaviour of the flat spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 during 2013-2017

AU - WEBT Collaboration

AU - OVRO Team

AU - D'Ammando, F.

AU - Raiteri, C. M.

AU - Villata, M.

AU - Acosta-Pulido, J. A.

AU - Agudo, I.

AU - Arkharov, A. A.

AU - Bachev, R.

AU - Baida, G. V.

AU - Benítez, E.

AU - Borman, G. A.

AU - Boschin, W.

AU - Bozhilov, V.

AU - Butuzova, M. S.

AU - Calcidese, P.

AU - Carnerero, M. I.

AU - Carosati, D.

AU - Casadio, C.

AU - Castro-Segura, N.

AU - Chen, W. P.

AU - Damljanovic, G.

AU - Di Paola, A.

AU - Echevarría, J.

AU - Efimova, N. V.

AU - Ehgamberdiev, Sh A.

AU - Espinosa, C.

AU - Fuentes, A.

AU - Giunta, A.

AU - Gómez, J. L.

AU - Grishina, T. S.

AU - Gurwell, M. A.

AU - Hiriart, D.

AU - Jermak, H.

AU - Jordan, B.

AU - Jorstad, S. G.

AU - Joshi, M.

AU - Kimeridze, G. N.

AU - Kopatskaya, E. N.

AU - Kuratov, K.

AU - Kurtanidze, O. M.

AU - Kurtanidze, S. O.

AU - Lähteenmäki, A.

AU - Larionov, V. M.

AU - Larionova, E. G.

AU - Larionova, L. V.

AU - Morozova, D. A.

AU - Nikiforova, A. A.

AU - Savchenko, S. S.

AU - Troitskaya, Yu V.

AU - Troitsky, I. S.

AU - Vasilyev, A. A.

PY - 2019/12/1

Y1 - 2019/12/1

N2 - We present a multiwavelength study of the flat-spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 during 2013-2017. We use radio-to-optical data obtained by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope, 15 GHz data from the Owens Valley Radio Observatory, 91 and 103 GHz data from the Atacama Large Millimeter Array, near-infrared data from the Rapid Eye Monitor telescope, as well as data from the Swift (optical-UV and X-rays) and Fermi (γ -rays) satellites to study flux and spectral variability and the correlation between flux changes at different wavelengths. Unprecedented γ -ray flaring activity was observed during 2016 November-2017 February, with four major outbursts. A peak flux of (2158 ± 63) × 10−8 ph cm−2 s−1, corresponding to a luminosity of (2.2 ± 0.1) × 1050 erg s−1, was reached on 2016 December 28. These four γ -ray outbursts have corresponding events in the near-infrared, optical, and UV bands, with the peaks observed at the same time. A general agreement between X-ray and γ -ray activity is found. The γ -ray flux variations show a general, strong correlation with the optical ones with no time lag between the two bands and a comparable variability amplitude. This γ -ray/optical relationship is in agreement with the geometrical model that has successfully explained the low-energy flux and spectral behaviour, suggesting that the long-term flux variations are mainly due to changes in the Doppler factor produced by variations of the viewing angle of the emitting regions. The difference in behaviour between radio and higher energy emission would be ascribed to different viewing angles of the jet regions producing their emission.

AB - We present a multiwavelength study of the flat-spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 during 2013-2017. We use radio-to-optical data obtained by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope, 15 GHz data from the Owens Valley Radio Observatory, 91 and 103 GHz data from the Atacama Large Millimeter Array, near-infrared data from the Rapid Eye Monitor telescope, as well as data from the Swift (optical-UV and X-rays) and Fermi (γ -rays) satellites to study flux and spectral variability and the correlation between flux changes at different wavelengths. Unprecedented γ -ray flaring activity was observed during 2016 November-2017 February, with four major outbursts. A peak flux of (2158 ± 63) × 10−8 ph cm−2 s−1, corresponding to a luminosity of (2.2 ± 0.1) × 1050 erg s−1, was reached on 2016 December 28. These four γ -ray outbursts have corresponding events in the near-infrared, optical, and UV bands, with the peaks observed at the same time. A general agreement between X-ray and γ -ray activity is found. The γ -ray flux variations show a general, strong correlation with the optical ones with no time lag between the two bands and a comparable variability amplitude. This γ -ray/optical relationship is in agreement with the geometrical model that has successfully explained the low-energy flux and spectral behaviour, suggesting that the long-term flux variations are mainly due to changes in the Doppler factor produced by variations of the viewing angle of the emitting regions. The difference in behaviour between radio and higher energy emission would be ascribed to different viewing angles of the jet regions producing their emission.

KW - Galaxies: individual: CTA 102

KW - Galaxies: jets

KW - Galaxies: nuclei

KW - Gamma-rays: general

KW - Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079676487&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stz2792

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stz2792

M3 - Article

VL - 490

SP - 5300

EP - 5316

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

SN - 0035-8711

IS - 4

ER -

ID: 49011228