The paper deals with the term “intellectual capital” which reflects specific nature of information society evolution based on the knowledge economy to the utmost extent. The author analyzes the link between information society and intellectual capital. The author concludes that in 21st century a new “creative” middle class has virtually arisen in Russia. Evidently, efficiency of the Russian “intellectual capital” will hinge on the strategic forethought of the national policy, implementation whereof will be carried out under stiff competition against the leading states of the world for intellectual resources, but their enticement to other countries makes the national policy less efficient. Therefore, maintenance and augmentation of the intellectual capital is becoming a core task of the national security to create the sophisticated information society in Russia, given the urgency of “brain drain” and loss of necessary human resources.