Testing results for Ti–6Al–4V ultrafine-grained titanium alloy obtained via intensive plastic torsional deformation (IPTD) are presented. To estimate the effect of IPTD treatment on the behavior of this material under erosion conditions, special experimental techniques were developed. The ultrafine-grained alloy was tested alongside with the traditional coarse-grained titanium alloy in an erosion wind tunnel in an air flow with corundum particles as an abrasive material. The erosion resistance of the material was estimated from the mass loss of specimens. Despite a considerable increase in the static strength characteristics, the nanostructured material did not demonstrate any increase in its erosion resistance in comparison with the initial alloy.