The paper analyzes the results of the complex ecological and biogeochemical research condected in Baskirian Zauralye in areas of natural geochemical anomalies-specifically copper-pyrites and polumetal ore deposits. The authors have calculated the total content of Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr, Cd, Pb and S in soils and plants, as well as of their mobile forms extracted using the method of ammonia-acetate buffer. Regularities of pollutants' accumulation in wild and cultured plants have been studied and the degree of heavy metal and ¹³⁷Cs pollution of soils has been estimated. Comparative analysis of changes in chemical composition of soils and plants in natural and destroyed territories has been conducted.