Gravitational Test beyond the First Post-Newtonian Order with the Shadow of the M87 Black Hole

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Gravitational Test beyond the First Post-Newtonian Order with the Shadow of the M87 Black Hole. / (EHT Collaboration).

In: Physical Review Letters, Vol. 125, No. 14, 141104, 10.2020.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

BibTeX

@article{f800df0abf814cb6b321bc520ea0eb03,

title = "Gravitational Test beyond the First Post-Newtonian Order with the Shadow of the M87 Black Hole",

abstract = "The 2017 Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of the central source in M87 have led to the first measurement of the size of a black-hole shadow. This observation offers a new and clean gravitational test of the black-hole metric in the strong-field regime. We show analytically that spacetimes that deviate from the Kerr metric but satisfy weak-field tests can lead to large deviations in the predicted black-hole shadows that are inconsistent with even the current EHT measurements. We use numerical calculations of regular, parametric, non-Kerr metrics to identify the common characteristic among these different parametrizations that control the predicted shadow size. We show that the shadow-size measurements place significant constraints on deviation parameters that control the second post-Newtonian and higher orders of each metric and are, therefore, inaccessible to weak-field tests. The new constraints are complementary to those imposed by observations of gravitational waves from stellar-mass sources.",

author = "{(EHT Collaboration)} and Dimitrios Psaltis and Lia Medeiros and Pierre Christian and Feryal {\"O}zel and Kazunori Akiyama and Antxon Alberdi and Walter Alef and Keiichi Asada and Rebecca Azulay and David Ball and Mislav Balokovi{\'c} and John Barrett and Dan Bintley and Lindy Blackburn and Wilfred Boland and Bower, {Geoffrey C.} and Michael Bremer and Brinkerink, {Christiaan D.} and Roger Brissenden and Silke Britzen and Dominique Broguiere and Thomas Bronzwaer and Byun, {Do Young} and Carlstrom, {John E.} and Andrew Chael and Chan, {Chi Kwan} and Shami Chatterjee and Koushik Chatterjee and Chen, {Ming Tang} and Yongjun Chen and Ilje Cho and Conway, {John E.} and Cordes, {James M.} and Crew, {Geoffrey B.} and Yuzhu Cui and Jordy Davelaar and {De Laurentis}, Mariafelicia and Roger Deane and Jessica Dempsey and Gregory Desvignes and Jason Dexter and Eatough, {Ralph P.} and Heino Falcke and Fish, {Vincent L.} and Ed Fomalont and Raquel Fraga-Encinas and Per Friberg and Fromm, {Christian M.} and Gammie, {Charles F.} and Svetlana Jorstad",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 American Physical Society.",

year = "2020",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.141104",

language = "English",

volume = "125",

journal = "Physical Review Letters",

issn = "0031-9007",

publisher = "American Physical Society",

number = "14",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gravitational Test beyond the First Post-Newtonian Order with the Shadow of the M87 Black Hole

AU - (EHT Collaboration)

AU - Psaltis, Dimitrios

AU - Medeiros, Lia

AU - Christian, Pierre

AU - Özel, Feryal

AU - Akiyama, Kazunori

AU - Alberdi, Antxon

AU - Alef, Walter

AU - Asada, Keiichi

AU - Azulay, Rebecca

AU - Ball, David

AU - Baloković, Mislav

AU - Barrett, John

AU - Bintley, Dan

AU - Blackburn, Lindy

AU - Boland, Wilfred

AU - Bower, Geoffrey C.

AU - Bremer, Michael

AU - Brinkerink, Christiaan D.

AU - Brissenden, Roger

AU - Britzen, Silke

AU - Broguiere, Dominique

AU - Bronzwaer, Thomas

AU - Byun, Do Young

AU - Carlstrom, John E.

AU - Chael, Andrew

AU - Chan, Chi Kwan

AU - Chatterjee, Shami

AU - Chatterjee, Koushik

AU - Chen, Ming Tang

AU - Chen, Yongjun

AU - Cho, Ilje

AU - Conway, John E.

AU - Cordes, James M.

AU - Crew, Geoffrey B.

AU - Cui, Yuzhu

AU - Davelaar, Jordy

AU - De Laurentis, Mariafelicia

AU - Deane, Roger

AU - Dempsey, Jessica

AU - Desvignes, Gregory

AU - Dexter, Jason

AU - Eatough, Ralph P.

AU - Falcke, Heino

AU - Fish, Vincent L.

AU - Fomalont, Ed

AU - Fraga-Encinas, Raquel

AU - Friberg, Per

AU - Fromm, Christian M.

AU - Gammie, Charles F.

AU - Jorstad, Svetlana

PY - 2020/10

Y1 - 2020/10

N2 - The 2017 Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of the central source in M87 have led to the first measurement of the size of a black-hole shadow. This observation offers a new and clean gravitational test of the black-hole metric in the strong-field regime. We show analytically that spacetimes that deviate from the Kerr metric but satisfy weak-field tests can lead to large deviations in the predicted black-hole shadows that are inconsistent with even the current EHT measurements. We use numerical calculations of regular, parametric, non-Kerr metrics to identify the common characteristic among these different parametrizations that control the predicted shadow size. We show that the shadow-size measurements place significant constraints on deviation parameters that control the second post-Newtonian and higher orders of each metric and are, therefore, inaccessible to weak-field tests. The new constraints are complementary to those imposed by observations of gravitational waves from stellar-mass sources.

AB - The 2017 Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of the central source in M87 have led to the first measurement of the size of a black-hole shadow. This observation offers a new and clean gravitational test of the black-hole metric in the strong-field regime. We show analytically that spacetimes that deviate from the Kerr metric but satisfy weak-field tests can lead to large deviations in the predicted black-hole shadows that are inconsistent with even the current EHT measurements. We use numerical calculations of regular, parametric, non-Kerr metrics to identify the common characteristic among these different parametrizations that control the predicted shadow size. We show that the shadow-size measurements place significant constraints on deviation parameters that control the second post-Newtonian and higher orders of each metric and are, therefore, inaccessible to weak-field tests. The new constraints are complementary to those imposed by observations of gravitational waves from stellar-mass sources.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85093357361&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.141104

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.141104

M3 - Article

C2 - 33064506

AN - SCOPUS:85093357361

VL - 125

JO - Physical Review Letters

JF - Physical Review Letters

SN - 0031-9007

IS - 14

M1 - 141104

ER -

ID: 88385778