TY - JOUR

T1 - Gluten-free diet can ameliorate the symptoms of non-celiac autoimmune diseases

AU - Lerner, Aaron

AU - de Carvalho, Jozélio Freire

AU - Kotrova, Anna

AU - Shoenfeld, Yehuda

N1 - © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Life Sciences Institute. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

PY - 2022/3/1

Y1 - 2022/3/1

N2 - CONTEXT: A gluten-free diet (GFD) is the recommended treatment for gluten-dependent disease. In addition, gluten withdrawal is popular and occasionally is suggested as a treatment for other autoimmune diseases (ADs).OBJECTIVE: The current systematic review summarizes those entities and discusses the logic behind using a GFD in classical non-gluten-dependentADs.DATA SOURCES: A search for medical articles in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Sciences, LILACS, and Scielo published between 1960 and 2020 was conducted, using the key words for various ADs and GFDs.DATA EXXTRACTION: Eight-three articles were included in the systematic review (using PRISMA guidelines).DATA ANALYSIS: Reduction in symptoms of ADs after observance of a GFD was observed in 911 out of 1408 patients (64.7%) and in 66 out of the 83 selected studies (79.5%). The age of the patients ranged from 9 months to 69 years. The duration of the GFD varied from 1 month to 9 years. A GFD can suppress several harmful intraluminal intestinal events. Potential mechanisms and pathways for the action of GFD in the gut - remote organs' axis have been suggested.CONCLUSION: A GFD might represent a novel nutritional therapeutic strategy for classical non-gluten-dependent autoimmune conditions.

AB - CONTEXT: A gluten-free diet (GFD) is the recommended treatment for gluten-dependent disease. In addition, gluten withdrawal is popular and occasionally is suggested as a treatment for other autoimmune diseases (ADs).OBJECTIVE: The current systematic review summarizes those entities and discusses the logic behind using a GFD in classical non-gluten-dependentADs.DATA SOURCES: A search for medical articles in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Sciences, LILACS, and Scielo published between 1960 and 2020 was conducted, using the key words for various ADs and GFDs.DATA EXXTRACTION: Eight-three articles were included in the systematic review (using PRISMA guidelines).DATA ANALYSIS: Reduction in symptoms of ADs after observance of a GFD was observed in 911 out of 1408 patients (64.7%) and in 66 out of the 83 selected studies (79.5%). The age of the patients ranged from 9 months to 69 years. The duration of the GFD varied from 1 month to 9 years. A GFD can suppress several harmful intraluminal intestinal events. Potential mechanisms and pathways for the action of GFD in the gut - remote organs' axis have been suggested.CONCLUSION: A GFD might represent a novel nutritional therapeutic strategy for classical non-gluten-dependent autoimmune conditions.

KW - autoimmune disease

KW - gluten-free diet

KW - gluten withdrawal

KW - gut–brain axes

KW - gut –peripheral organs axes

KW - microbiome/dysbiome ratio

KW - non-celiac autoimmune disease

KW - Gluten withdrawal

KW - Gut-brain axes

KW - Non-celiac autoimmune disease

KW - Gut-peripheral organs axes

KW - Autoimmune disease

KW - Gluten-free Diet

KW - Microbiome/dysbiome ratio

KW - Celiac Disease/diagnosis

KW - Humans

KW - Infant

KW - Glutens

KW - Autoimmune Diseases

KW - Diet, Gluten-Free

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/ac6a9897-e07d-3dd2-bbe5-8c2a2b22f835/

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85124439867&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/nutrit/nuab039

DO - 10.1093/nutrit/nuab039

M3 - Article

C2 - 34338776

VL - 80

SP - 525

EP - 543

JO - Nutrition Reviews

JF - Nutrition Reviews

SN - 0029-6643

IS - 3

ER -