The disastrous state of the food market was one of the reasons for the breakup of the USSR in 1991, while the filling of the consumer market with the food products became the first, though rather painful due to the dramatic increase of prices, result of Russia's transition to the market economy. Within a short time, the imported goods, virtually unseen before, including the production of the well-known global manufacturers, appeared on the Russian market. Though not all of the food products delivered to Russia at that time were of equal and acceptable quality, e.g. the American chicken quarters, (Alali et al., 2012), the process of Russia's entry into the global food markets has definitely started. Globalization did not only lead to the growth of the delivery of the imported goods into the Russian market. The major well-known food companies from Finland, U.S.A. and other countries started opening their manufacturing facilities and sales outlets within the Russian territory. The local production of agricultural products has also experienced a revival. In a dozen years, from a highly dependent on the global markets food importer Russia successfully transformed into one of the major exporters of certain food products (for instance, grains). In this series of two articles devoted to the same research and incorporating a rich factual and statistical material, we analyze the modern condition of the Russian food market, estimate the consequences of its inclusion into the globalization process and attempt to determine its type.