TY - JOUR

T1 - Geological setting of high-temperature hydrothermal activity and massive sulphide formation on fast- and slow-spreading ridges

AU - Krasnov, Sergey G.

AU - Poroshina, Irina M.

AU - Cherkashev, Georgiy A.

PY - 1995/12/1

Y1 - 1995/12/1

N2 - Geological features which control massive sulphide formation on the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR) and slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) can be specified based on data from the Sevmorgeologija Association (St Petersburg) research cruises and results of other studies. Wide crestal surfaces of undisturbed axial volcanoes and the presence of axial grabens that indicate voluminous subsurface magma chambers represent the sites most favourable for sulphide formation on the EPR. The elevation of rift segments and distance from major ridge-axis discontinuities are less important for sulphide formation. Sites of localized magma delivery from subcrustal zones, as indicated by Mg anomalies in basalts, may be favourable. However, at least one site near 21°30'S on the EPR shows evidence of along-axial magma penetration from the central part of the rift segment to its tip, resulting in a lateral shift of hydrothermal activity with time. Higher crustal permeability for magma is required for the formation of subsurface chambers which initiate hydrothermal convection on the magmatically less active MAR. Rift valley marginal faults, and especially their intersections with minor transverse dislocations, locally control hydrothermal activity where magma laterally penetrates from the extrusive zones of the adjacent rift segments.

AB - Geological features which control massive sulphide formation on the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR) and slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) can be specified based on data from the Sevmorgeologija Association (St Petersburg) research cruises and results of other studies. Wide crestal surfaces of undisturbed axial volcanoes and the presence of axial grabens that indicate voluminous subsurface magma chambers represent the sites most favourable for sulphide formation on the EPR. The elevation of rift segments and distance from major ridge-axis discontinuities are less important for sulphide formation. Sites of localized magma delivery from subcrustal zones, as indicated by Mg anomalies in basalts, may be favourable. However, at least one site near 21°30'S on the EPR shows evidence of along-axial magma penetration from the central part of the rift segment to its tip, resulting in a lateral shift of hydrothermal activity with time. Higher crustal permeability for magma is required for the formation of subsurface chambers which initiate hydrothermal convection on the magmatically less active MAR. Rift valley marginal faults, and especially their intersections with minor transverse dislocations, locally control hydrothermal activity where magma laterally penetrates from the extrusive zones of the adjacent rift segments.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0642295034&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.03

DO - 10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.03

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0642295034

VL - 87

SP - 17

EP - 32

JO - Geological Society Special Publication

JF - Geological Society Special Publication

SN - 0305-8719

ER -