Sources and pathways of supply of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the surface sediments of the Laptev and East Siberian seas were identified based on an analysis of the lithological-geochemical characteristics and distribution of organic matter (OM). The distribution of organic carbon, humic acids, bitumoids, and hydrocarbons demonstrates the determining role of the riverine runoff in the formation of the recent sediments. The total average content of PAH in the sediments of this region approximates 37 ng/g, not exceeding 80 ng/g of dry sediment. The biogenic components of the PAH (alkylphenanthrenes, alkylchrysenes, perylene) dominate in the estuarine-shelf and coastal-shelf sediments enriched with plant detritus and significantly decrease in the pelagic zone. The anthropogenic influence is observed in sediments of the port of Tiksi, where the total content of PAH with dominant pyrogenic components is two orders of magnitude higher as compared with the background values in the study region.