Our recent theoretical studies of generation of ultrashort pulses based on collective spontaneous emission from a thin resonant medium layer excited by a pair of high-frequency (compared to the transition frequency of the medium) pulses are reviewed. The source of generated radiation is a resonant polarization pulse in the medium (“stopped polarization pulse”), which is excited and switched off by a pair of light pump pulses. This method allows obtaining attosecond pulses in the optical and ultraviolet ranges, as well as femtosecond terahertz pulses. The effect of the superradiance in generation is discussed. The use of coherent and collective processes makes it possible to achieve a high efficiency of the generation of terahertz radiation. The proposed method is an alternative method of obtaining ultrashort pulses compared to the currently well-developed methods such as the high-harmonic generation method.