An increase in the velocities of automobile and aerospace transport and, simultaneously, the necessary of decreasing their masses increase the requirements to the operating reliability of used materials and constructions. In this case, the operation of a material under dynamic impact loads remains in nonnormative ranges. This work presents a comprehensive technique of studying and predicting the behavior of materials under conditions of dynamic tension. A possibility of increasing the strength properties of materials by severe plastic deformation (SPD) in a wide range of varying parameters of external loads and the fi-xation of these changes in the framework of the proposed technique is demonstrated using Al-Mg and AlCu-Mg aluminum alloys as examples.