We present a collection of magnetic field absolute measurements performed by the early Soviet magnetic satellite missions Kosmos-49 (1964) and Kosmos-321 (1970). A total of 17&thinsp;300 measured values are available for the Kosmos-49 mission, covering homogeneously 75&thinsp;% of the Earth's surface between <span classCombining double low line"inline-formula">49ĝ </span> latitude north and south. About 5000 measured values are available for the Kosmos-321 mission, covering homogeneously 94&thinsp;% of the Earth's surface between <span classCombining double low line"inline-formula">71ĝ </span> latitude north and south. The data are available at PANGAEA (Krasnoperov et al., 2020, <a hrefCombining double low line"https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.907927">https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.907927</a>).