In 2015–2017, the distribution of the freshwater bivalve Dreissena polymorpha was studied in the basin of the Northern Dvina River. This study provides the first record of the populations of D. polymorpha in the Yuras, Lyavlya, and Solombalka rivers. The density of the studied colonies of D. polymorpha was lower in comparison with populations in other parts of the range (Mann–Whitney U test, P = 0.01); its average value was 232.9 ind./m² (from 0 to 4023.8 ind./m²). The effect of various environmental factors on the distribution and abundance of zebra mussel in watercourses is discussed.