This chapter is devoted to new trends in development of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) for production of ultrafine-grained (UFG) metals and alloys with superior properties. And there is a detailed review of ECAP, as one of the most advanced techniques of severe plastic deformation for grain refinement. In recent years, significant attention has been focused on processing of hard-to-deform materials using the ECAP technique, in particular on the development of die sets and processing regimes, and also on investigations of structural and phase transformations and formed properties during ECAP. The chapter presents results of recent studies performed on Al, Mg, and Ti alloys, including the intermetallic compound NiTi and steels.Moreover, special attention is paid to application of new modifications of ECAP, such as ECAP with back-pressure and ECAP-Conform for producing UFG materials. The latter is a more promising one for production of long-length semiproducts of metals and alloys with high mechanical and fatigue properties. The principles of application of ECAP-Conform for formation of UFG states in materials are described and the interrelation of the obtained structure and properties is analyzed with the example of titanium. Application of the ECAP technique for material consolidation is another advanced direction of its development. This technique is more advantageous for consolidation of powders and production of bulk fully dense billets with UFG structure. The chapter presents recent results of investigations of structure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys consolidated using ECAP.