Method of allocation and analysis of mobile forms of chemical elements in soil are considered. Chemical characteristics of the extracted liquid phase of the soil reflect its water-soluble part properties. Two reference soil profiles on glaciolacustrine clays (soddy-eluvial-metamorphic soil) and sands (soddy podzol) were investigated on the Russian Plain. The comparison of the data obtained with the results of analysis for the whole soil allows assessment of a share of highly mobile and less mobile forms of chemical compounds. The behavior of macro- and microelements was studied in soils and their liquid phase. Mobile forms of chemical elements play the important role as the basis for the development of a model describing their migration on soil profile, used in prospecting geochemistry and in environmental geochemistry.