Language has long been considered a well-organized system, in which a special part is represented by the cognitive perceptive functions of a human. Why do the representatives of different nations and cultures comprehend various notions differently? On the lexical level, this phenomenon can be explained by the absence of some notions in different languages, but the same cannot be said about the grammatical level of the language – the most stable and fixed linguistic layer. The presence or absence of a grammatical category in the language system is a sign of deep mental discrepancies of the spokespersons of this or that linguacultural region, in their different universe perceptions. The authors of the article attempt to consider the phenomenon of grammatical lacunarity from the cognitive point of view, that is to compare lacunarity with related categories, consider grammatical coding reasonability and investigate grammatical lacunas as markers of cultural and linguistic identity.