This work is devoted to the vital topic of the influence of partial androgen deficiency of aging men (PADAM) on the development of cells with androgen receptors. The results obtained in this study suggest a conclusion that the production of testosterone by some tumors and tissues of the peritumorous zone, which is accompanied by increased proliferative activity and disturbance of the regulation of the cell cycle, is caused by PADAM. The given changes are directed at compensating for testicular deficiency (in particular at overcoming the androgen-dependent stage of development of androgen-sensitive cells). These changes are a partial manifestation of metabolic syndrome (X-syndrome). The atypical cells, which unavoidably develop during metabolic syndrome, are dealt with by means of the immune system, whose capabilities become less and less adequate in the given circumstances.