Despite a plenty of pulmonologic studies, aetiology and pathogenesis of lung sarcoidosis are still insufficiently clear. Most researchers are inclined to speculate about the possible auto-immune/immune-mediated genesis of the disease, finding new evidence of such. The mini-review attempted an integral analysis of currently available data suggesting autoimmune origin of sarcoidosis divided into four categories: The role of triggers in the development of sarcoidosis; the presence of immunogenetic susceptibility to the disease; analysis of cellular and humoral immunity in it and evaluation of clinical signs detected in sarcoidosis patients. New original definition of sarcoidosis is suggested. New data are reviewed on the possible autoinflammatory disorder of macrophageal polarization in sarcoidosis distinguishing it from tuberculosis. Author’s original hypothesis on possible therapeutic effectiveness of rapamycin in sarcoidosis is first coined.