The article is devoted to the study and ideas of Augustine the Blessed in the theological education of the Russian Empire. The catalogs of libraries of Orthodox theological academies and seminaries of the 18th century and the first half of the 19th century are used as the main sources of research. The analysis of library collections makes it possible to determine the list of Augustine’s works that was available to students and teachers of theological educational institutions. Already at the beginning of the 18th century. Augustine’s works received official recognition: they were recommended in the “Spiritual Regulations” — a key document for the system of theological education of the Russian Empire. In many ways, this was due to the attitude towards the ideas of Augustine Theophan Prokopovich, who created a theological system imbued with the spirit of Augustinism. This system had a great influence on the formation of the Russian theological school in the 18th century. However, in the libraries of theological educational institutions (with the exception of the Novgorod Theological Seminary, where Theophan's own library was kept), Augustine’s writings were few. Probably, it was precisely this need, as well as the personal motives of individual patrons who acted outside the walls of the theological school, but inextricably linked with it, that forced many graduates of seminaries and academies to take up as early as the end of the 18th century. for translating the works of Augustine and pseudo-Augustinian writings. For the most part, it was these publications that replenished the libraries of theological educational institutions, becoming a kind of first step towards the academic study of Augustine’s heritage in the second half of the 19th century. © 2023, National Research University, Higher School of Econoimics. All rights reserved.