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Antinuclear Autoantibodies in Health : Autoimmunity Is Not a Synonym of Autoimmune Disease. / Pashnina, Irina A.; Krivolapova, Irina M.; Fedotkina, Tamara V.; Ryabkova, Varvara A.; Chereshneva, Margarita V.; Churilov, Leonid P.; Chereshnev, Valeriy A.

In: Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland), Vol. 10, No. 1, 9, 03.2021, p. 1-26.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Author

Pashnina, Irina A. ; Krivolapova, Irina M. ; Fedotkina, Tamara V. ; Ryabkova, Varvara A. ; Chereshneva, Margarita V. ; Churilov, Leonid P. ; Chereshnev, Valeriy A. / Antinuclear Autoantibodies in Health : Autoimmunity Is Not a Synonym of Autoimmune Disease. In: Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland). 2021 ; Vol. 10, No. 1. pp. 1-26.

BibTeX

@article{813f3582090541769ab394d12041c34b,

title = "Antinuclear Autoantibodies in Health: Autoimmunity Is Not a Synonym of Autoimmune Disease",

abstract = "The incidence of autoimmune diseases is increasing. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing is a critical tool for their diagnosis. However, ANA prevalence in healthy persons has increased over the last decades, especially among young people. ANA in health occurs in low concentrations, with a prevalence up to 50% in some populations, which demands a cutoff revision. This review deals with the origin and probable physiological or compensatory function of ANA in health, according to the concept of immunological clearance, theory of autoimmune regulation of cell functions, and the concept of functional autoantibodies. Considering ANA titers ≤1:320 as a serological marker of autoimmune diseases seems inappropriate. The role of anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 autoantibodies is highlighted as a possible anti-risk biomarker for autoimmune rheumatic disorders. ANA prevalence in health is different in various regions due to several underlying causes discussed in the review, all influencing additive combinations according to the concept of the mosaic of autoimmunity. Not only are titers, but also HEp-2 IFA) staining patterns, such as AC-2, important. Accepting autoantibodies as a kind of bioregulator, not only the upper, but also the lower borders of their normal range should be determined; not only their excess, but also a lack of them or {"}autoimmunodeficiency{"} could be the reason for disorders.",

keywords = "Antinuclear antibodies, Antinuclear factor, Autoimmune diseases, Functional autoantibodies, Natural autoantibodies, Physiological autoimmunity, autoimmune diseases, NATURAL AUTOANTIBODIES, SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS, NATURALLY-OCCURRING ANTIBODIES, antinuclear antibodies, 9 COMMON ANTIGENS, antinuclear factor, ANTI-DSDNA ANTIBODIES, FUNCTIONAL AUTOANTIBODIES, HEP-2 CELLS, functional autoantibodies, INTERNATIONAL CONSENSUS, physiological autoimmunity, CONNECTIVE-TISSUE DISEASES, natural autoantibodies, B-CELL TOLERANCE",

author = "Pashnina, {Irina A.} and Krivolapova, {Irina M.} and Fedotkina, {Tamara V.} and Ryabkova, {Varvara A.} and Chereshneva, {Margarita V.} and Churilov, {Leonid P.} and Chereshnev, {Valeriy A.}",

year = "2021",

month = mar,

doi = "10.3390/antib10010009",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

pages = "1--26",

journal = "Antibodies",

issn = "2073-4468",

publisher = "MDPI AG",

number = "1",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Antinuclear Autoantibodies in Health

T2 - Autoimmunity Is Not a Synonym of Autoimmune Disease

AU - Pashnina, Irina A.

AU - Krivolapova, Irina M.

AU - Fedotkina, Tamara V.

AU - Ryabkova, Varvara A.

AU - Chereshneva, Margarita V.

AU - Churilov, Leonid P.

AU - Chereshnev, Valeriy A.

PY - 2021/3

Y1 - 2021/3

N2 - The incidence of autoimmune diseases is increasing. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing is a critical tool for their diagnosis. However, ANA prevalence in healthy persons has increased over the last decades, especially among young people. ANA in health occurs in low concentrations, with a prevalence up to 50% in some populations, which demands a cutoff revision. This review deals with the origin and probable physiological or compensatory function of ANA in health, according to the concept of immunological clearance, theory of autoimmune regulation of cell functions, and the concept of functional autoantibodies. Considering ANA titers ≤1:320 as a serological marker of autoimmune diseases seems inappropriate. The role of anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 autoantibodies is highlighted as a possible anti-risk biomarker for autoimmune rheumatic disorders. ANA prevalence in health is different in various regions due to several underlying causes discussed in the review, all influencing additive combinations according to the concept of the mosaic of autoimmunity. Not only are titers, but also HEp-2 IFA) staining patterns, such as AC-2, important. Accepting autoantibodies as a kind of bioregulator, not only the upper, but also the lower borders of their normal range should be determined; not only their excess, but also a lack of them or "autoimmunodeficiency" could be the reason for disorders.

AB - The incidence of autoimmune diseases is increasing. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing is a critical tool for their diagnosis. However, ANA prevalence in healthy persons has increased over the last decades, especially among young people. ANA in health occurs in low concentrations, with a prevalence up to 50% in some populations, which demands a cutoff revision. This review deals with the origin and probable physiological or compensatory function of ANA in health, according to the concept of immunological clearance, theory of autoimmune regulation of cell functions, and the concept of functional autoantibodies. Considering ANA titers ≤1:320 as a serological marker of autoimmune diseases seems inappropriate. The role of anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 autoantibodies is highlighted as a possible anti-risk biomarker for autoimmune rheumatic disorders. ANA prevalence in health is different in various regions due to several underlying causes discussed in the review, all influencing additive combinations according to the concept of the mosaic of autoimmunity. Not only are titers, but also HEp-2 IFA) staining patterns, such as AC-2, important. Accepting autoantibodies as a kind of bioregulator, not only the upper, but also the lower borders of their normal range should be determined; not only their excess, but also a lack of them or "autoimmunodeficiency" could be the reason for disorders.

KW - Antinuclear antibodies

KW - Antinuclear factor

KW - Autoimmune diseases

KW - Functional autoantibodies

KW - Natural autoantibodies

KW - Physiological autoimmunity

KW - autoimmune diseases

KW - NATURAL AUTOANTIBODIES

KW - SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS

KW - NATURALLY-OCCURRING ANTIBODIES

KW - antinuclear antibodies

KW - 9 COMMON ANTIGENS

KW - antinuclear factor

KW - ANTI-DSDNA ANTIBODIES

KW - FUNCTIONAL AUTOANTIBODIES

KW - HEP-2 CELLS

KW - functional autoantibodies

KW - INTERNATIONAL CONSENSUS

KW - physiological autoimmunity

KW - CONNECTIVE-TISSUE DISEASES

KW - natural autoantibodies

KW - B-CELL TOLERANCE

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102421919&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/8056bf14-49b5-323b-89eb-2ae4eecc84ed/

U2 - 10.3390/antib10010009

DO - 10.3390/antib10010009

M3 - Review article

C2 - 33668697

VL - 10

SP - 1

EP - 26

JO - Antibodies

JF - Antibodies

SN - 2073-4468

IS - 1

M1 - 9

ER -

ID: 74885857

Antinuclear Autoantibodies in Health: Autoimmunity Is Not a Synonym of Autoimmune Disease

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