Article of O.A.Gorodov, prof of St. Petersburg State University, Doctor of Law (St. Petersburg, gorodov@inbox.ru) critically assesses the rules of the current legislation that establish a ban on unfair competition associated with the acquisition and use of the exclusive right to the means of individualization of a legal entity, the means of individualization of goods, works or services. In the author's opinion, these rules do not fully reflect both doctrinal views and the real situation in the sphere of repression of unfair competitive actions of economic entities, which turns out to be more complex and diverse than the one the legislator imagined, by formulating relevant provisions.