The genus Boechera A. Love et D. Love is the only one of more than 370 genera of the family Brassicaceae, where the apomixis is found and studied in details at both diploid and triploid level. This genus includes 110 sexual and apomictic species with geographic ranges mainly in the North America. The apomictic lines of Boechera manifest signs of hybridogenous origin, and the structure of their chromosomes is modified significantly by such consequences of hybridization as alloploidy, aneuploidy, substitutions of homeologous chromosomes and presence of aberrant chromosomes. In the current review, the analysis is made of the original and published data considering the apomixis in the genus Boechera, the possible causes of its origination and mechanisms of the control are considered.