The article is devoted to one of the important episodes of the beginning of the Сold War. The problem of the Franco regime in Spain was not the main stumbling block in rela-tions between the former anti-Hitler coalition allies. However, its study allows us to more fully understand the causes of the Cold War, the aims and methods of struggle of its participants. Based on the materials of the British National Archive, the authors show how and why the policies of the C. Attlee’s Labor governments contributed to the preservation of power in Spain in the hands of F. Franco in the first years after World War II.