The article provides an overview of the development of Russian Turkology, its main directions and achievements in the modern period. Along with this, the author addresses outstanding figures in this scientific field and presents their key works in the fields of history, ethnography, literature, cultural studies, philology. The St. Petersburg Turkological School is represented by the Oriental Department of St. Petersburg State University, the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, the Institute of Linguistic Studies, the Hermitage, the Museum of Ethnography and Anthropology (Kunstkamera). Petersburg researchers in Turkey also work in the Russian National Library, the Russian State Historical Archive, the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Central Archive of the Navy, the Military Artillery Museum and other institutions. Much attention was paid by scientists to the study and publication of ancient manuscripts, ancient Turkic history and the pre-Ottoman period, the Ottoman conquests in the XV-XVII centu