Attempts to predict the development of domestic and foreign policy of the Soviet Union after the end of World War II were repeatedly made by various United States government structures during the war. For obvious reasons, all of them remained classified for decades and only recently became accessible to researchers. Analysis of the declassified documents of the State Department and the U. S. Department of Defense, deposited in the American archives, allow U. S. to take a different look at the awareness of the American side both in the prospects for the economic development of the USSR and in the main motives of its foreign policy. Often, however, the conclusions made by the authors of the outcoming documents were completely at odds with the information which served as the basis of their production, and sometimes they simply contradict them. In our opinion, it is precisely these discrepancies that largely determine the inconsistency in the United States foreign policy of 1945-1946, which can be clearly seen ev