This scientific article analyzes the ideological and political attitudes of various left forces of the Russian Federation of the XXI century. The author shows the specifics of the social project of the left forces, first of all paying attention to the program guidelines of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) as the most powerful leftist party in Russia. The article shows that the initiatives of the left-wing parties in Russia on domestic policy, social and economic development, and the social system are quite deeply different from the prevailing order. Priority development of the public form of ownership, the Soviet form of government, the revival of the USSR remain the principles defended by the communist parties, which continue to dominate the left spectrum of Russian politics. At the same time, today there is no single leftist public project.