TY - JOUR

T1 - Университетские связи Петербурга и Дерпта в первой половине XIX в. и проблема единства академического пространства Российской империи

AU - Жуковская, Татьяна Николаевна

N1 - The article examines the forms of academic interaction between Derpt and St. Petersburg universities, such as student and professorial migrations, training of scientists for Russian universities at the Derpt University Institute, book exchange and exchange of scientific information between universities, participation in joint university meetings, research projects and expeditions. It is concluded that the University of Dorpat in the first half of the 19th century, incorporated into the system of universities of the Russian Empire and the system of educational districts, served as a kind of nursery for scientific “internal” universities of the empire, in particular, it concerns the mathematics, physics and philology. Many graduates of the University of Dorpat made a brilliant scientific career in St. Petersburg, among them P.I. Preis, E.H. Lentz, V.Ya. Struve. At the same time, the introduction to the traditions of Dorpat students for academic migrants from the “internal” universities of the Empire was a condition for the adoption of behavioral patterns that go back to the traditions of German universities. In this sense, the University of Dorpat was a channel for the transfer of European university culture to Russia. Hence the spread at St. Petersburg University, following the example of Dorpat, student corporations, which for a long time were tolerated by the administration and did not cause persecution. At the considered time, a unique profile of each of the Russian universities, its reputation and sphere of influence are formed. The medical faculty of the University of Dorpat acquired the significance of the all-Russian center for the training of civil and military doctors. Teachers of the Russian language prevailed among the specialists who arrived at the University of Dorpat from the “internal” universities of the empire, and those who began studying at the University of Dorpat and later moved to St. Petersburg University wanted to continue their studies at the law faculty as the most prestigious and make an official career in the capital. Academic migrations that became in the 1830s – 1840s the maintenance of scientific communications between university centers at the personal and administrative level, the unification of the system of scientific licensing and practices of academic rotation at different universities of the Empire, and, on the other hand, the formation of their own scientific schools in them, gives reason to talk about the formation of a united academic space within the borders of the Russian Empire, which remained open to European scientific transfer.

PY - 2018/12

Y1 - 2018/12

KW - Санкт-Петербургский университет, Дерптский университет , студенческие миграции, академическое пространство Российской империи

M3 - статья

SP - 83

EP - 99

JO - Запад-Восток

JF - Запад-Восток

SN - 2227-6874

IS - 11

ER -