AIM: To investigate the effect of application of IL-1beta on dynamics of wound healing in immunosupressed mice using electron microscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five outbred adult male mice were used as a biological model. Immunosuppression was induced by administration of hydrocortisone. Using biopsy punches ("Stiefel"), 2 wounds 4 cm in diameter were inflicted to each animal in area of back part of the spine with control of their depth to superficial muscular fascia. Dynamics of changes in regenerating epidermis and identification of microbial communities were studied by electron microscopy of ultrathin sections. The speed of skin regeneration was evaluated by photometric method. Photometry of the wound was performed just after wound-inflicting operation and on 3rd, 8th, and 14th day of the experiment. RESULTS: Electron microscopy showed that IL-1beta promoted cell differentiation processes that was expressed in earlier development of protein-synthesizing organelles of newly generated spinous cells and in formation of stratum granulosum with greater number of intracellular junctions. The most expressed differences in wound regeneration were observed in the samples taken on 8th and 14th days of the experiment. CONCLUSION: Application of IL-1beta promotes wound healing under immunosuppression and accelerates purification of the wound from microorganisms preventing growth of gram-positive and gram-negative microflora as well as development of filamentous forms of micromycetes.