TY - JOUR

T1 - Рак молочной железы у молодых женщин: современные данные об эпидемиологии, клинических особенностях и персонализированных подходах к лечению и профилактике.

AU - Блинова, Ксения Александровна

AU - Кострыгин, А.К.

AU - Малеева, А.М.

AU - Алексеев, В.В.

AU - Фролова , Д.Е.

AU - Золкина , М.А.

AU - Блинова , А.А.

AU - Копышева, Елена Николаевна

AU - Гудухин, Антон Александрович

AU - Мишина, Ирина Евгеньевна

PY - 2026/4/7

Y1 - 2026/4/7

N2 - Objectives: to conduct a systematic review of current data on breast cancer epidemiology and risk factors; to develop a clinical profile of young breast cancer patients and describe approaches to their treatment and rehabilitation; to develop a prevention strategy for high-risk groups. Material and Methods. A search was conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The review incorporated 60 sources (systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized clinical trials). A comparative analysis of risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of young breast cancer patients compared to elderly patients was conducted. Results. Breast cancer poses a significant health challenge for women aged under 40 years, representing the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in this age group worldwide. A trend towards an increase in breast cancer incidence is observed among young women. The lack of tailored breast cancer screening for young women causes significant diagnostic delays, leading to late-stage cancer at detection, negatively impacting clinical outcomes and increasing the risk of treatmentrelated complications compared to elderly patients. Pathomorphology of tumors detected in young women is characterized by poorly differentiated cells, increased Ki67 expression, the presence of gene mutations, and a predominance of HER2-positive and triple-negative immunohistochemical subtypes. Despite these evident differences, research on breast cancer in young women remains insufficient, creating gaps in understanding its risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. A lack of age-specific clinical data and outcomes hinders the adaptation of standard treatment approaches, developed for elderly patients, to the needs of young women. Conclusion. Further research is needed to collect age-specific clinical data and develop novel treatment strategies for breast cancer in young women, ultimately improving treatment outcomes and identifying promising research directions in this area.

AB - Objectives: to conduct a systematic review of current data on breast cancer epidemiology and risk factors; to develop a clinical profile of young breast cancer patients and describe approaches to their treatment and rehabilitation; to develop a prevention strategy for high-risk groups. Material and Methods. A search was conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The review incorporated 60 sources (systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized clinical trials). A comparative analysis of risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of young breast cancer patients compared to elderly patients was conducted. Results. Breast cancer poses a significant health challenge for women aged under 40 years, representing the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in this age group worldwide. A trend towards an increase in breast cancer incidence is observed among young women. The lack of tailored breast cancer screening for young women causes significant diagnostic delays, leading to late-stage cancer at detection, negatively impacting clinical outcomes and increasing the risk of treatmentrelated complications compared to elderly patients. Pathomorphology of tumors detected in young women is characterized by poorly differentiated cells, increased Ki67 expression, the presence of gene mutations, and a predominance of HER2-positive and triple-negative immunohistochemical subtypes. Despite these evident differences, research on breast cancer in young women remains insufficient, creating gaps in understanding its risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. A lack of age-specific clinical data and outcomes hinders the adaptation of standard treatment approaches, developed for elderly patients, to the needs of young women. Conclusion. Further research is needed to collect age-specific clinical data and develop novel treatment strategies for breast cancer in young women, ultimately improving treatment outcomes and identifying promising research directions in this area.

KW - BRCA1/2

KW - HER2-positive breast cancer

KW - age-related cancer characteristics

KW - breast cancer

KW - early-onset breast cancer

KW - genetic risk factors

KW - multidisciplinary team

KW - triple-negative breast cancer

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/479f42d8-6b36-339e-9ffb-54f11bb91296/

U2 - 10.21294/1814-4861-2026-25-1-107-122

DO - 10.21294/1814-4861-2026-25-1-107-122

M3 - статья

VL - 25

SP - 107

EP - 122

JO - СИБИРСКИЙ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ

JF - СИБИРСКИЙ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ

SN - 1814-4861

IS - 1

ER -