The article examines the dynamics of functional state of central nervous system, memory, and attention in children with borderline (neurosis-like) mental disorders with residual-organic genesis receiving rehabilitation treatment. Experimental methods for assessing indices of sensomotor reactions, memory, attention, thinking and EEG recording have been used. The findings demonstrated positive dynamics regardless of a variety of medical treatment, maturity of bioelectrical activity, and cognitive impairments. At the same time, the dynamics has certain variability in the context of features mentioned above. Rehabilitation efficiency is higher for the children with negligible cognitive impairments and greater maturity of brain bioelectrical activity.