The possibility of using insect larvae to address the problem of disposal and processing of organic waste, including municipal solid waste (MSW), was considered. The prospects of bioconversion of the organic fraction of waste using invertebrates, as well as the application of biodegradation using larvae of Zophobas morio for MSW processing, were noted. Special attention was paid to the important aspect of biosafety of the resulting products – vermicompost and larval biomass. The effectiveness of the DNA metabarcoding method for microbiome monitoring and pathogen detection was emphasized. It was concluded that the integration of MSW bioconversion using Zophobas morio larvae with regular metabarcoding monitoring represents a promising and technologically advanced basis for creating safe and sustainable waste processing systems.