The body mass index (BMI) and the Rohrer index are height-weight indices calculated on the basis of the same primary indicators, but having a different anthropometric meaning. The methods used in assessing the condition of military personnel should be informative and use a minimum amount of primary data. In this regard, the goal is to determine the relationship of height and weight indicators with various data of laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods in military personnel serving in various, including extreme climatic conditions. The study involved 313 servicemen under the contract of the Aerospace Forces of the Russian Federation. The average age was 34 years. Group 1 consisted of 97 people, group 2 - 129 people, group 3 - 87 people. The servicemen of group 1 served in the Arctic zone (above 66 ° C.W), group 2 - in the temperate climatic zone (50 ° C. W), group 3 - in the conditions of the mid-mountain subtropical zone (42 ° C. W). It was shown that service in the Arctic zone is statistically significantly associated with a decrease in BMI and an increase in the Rohrer index in relation to other climatic zones. Analysis of the results of the stratification of servicemen according to the Rohrer index showed a relationship with the stiffness of the arterial wall according to photoplethysmography. Statistically significant indicators of the relationship between BMI and the cardiovascular system (CVS) were high heart rate and high DBP (diastolic blood pressure) with high BMI. The selection of groups based on the above indices has common features, they characterize the studied contingent in terms of age-related changes, blood biochemical parameters, indicators of instrumental diagnostic methods and climatic and geographical factors of the duty station and may indicate early signs of CVS pathology. One of the promising areas is to continue the study of the combined use of BMI, Rohrer index and photoplethysmography for a more complete assessment of the state of the cardiovascular system of military personnel serving in various, including extreme, climatic conditions due to their informativeness when using a minimum amount of primary data.